Abstract: True random numbers are essential for cryptography and secure communications. Algorithmically generated pseudo-random numbers lack true physical randomness, while conventional lasers as ...

Abstract: In this paper, a nondeterministic random number generator based on detection of the single photons emitted by an Si-CMOS-LED light source integrated for the first time on the detector chip ...

In the growing canon of AI security, the indirect prompt injection has emerged as the most powerful means for attackers to hack large language models such as OpenAI’s GPT-3 and GPT-4 or Microsoft’s ...

Advances in Applied Probability, Vol. 41, No. 2 (JUNE 2009), pp. 452-468 (17 pages) In this article we analyse the behaviour of the extremes of a random walk in a random scenery. The random walk is ...

Dance plays a vital role in human societies across time and culture, with different communities having invented different systems for artistic expression through movement (genres). Differences between ...

Lineage tracing experiments give dynamic information on the functional behaviour of dividing cells. These experiments therefore have become an important tool for studying stem and progenitor cell fate ...

Edited by David L. Donoho, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved August 18, 2021 (received for review October 6, 2020) In the highly undersampled regime most relevant to clinical settings, ...

When Sharp was in film school at NYU, he made a discovery that changed the course of his career. “I liked hanging out with technologists in NYU’s Interactive Telecommunications Program more than other ...

The problem of optimizing over random structures emerges in many areas of science and engineering, ranging from statistical physics to machine learning and artificial intelligence. For many such ...

At the beginning of the 20th century, the German mathematician David Hilbert (1862–1943) advocated an ambitious program to formulate a system of axioms and rules of inference that would encompass all ...