Effective mass (m*) is defined as: where x, y, z are the directions in the reciprocal Cartesian space (2π/A), En(k) is the dispersion relation for the n-th electronic band. The explicit form of the ...

Abstract: An unconditionally stable fundamental locally one-dimensional (LOD) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with second-order temporal accuracy and complying divergence (CD) (denoted as ...

Abstract: The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used for the electromagnetic analysis of complex dispersive media. The shift-operator (SO)-FDTD or auxiliary differential ...