Background Hepatitis, a disease characterised by inflammation of the liver, is a leading global health challenge that contributes to over 1.3 million deaths annually, with hepatitis B and C accounting ...

Logistic regression was performed for the continuous variable of sample size, reporting the OR per 100-participant increase. Statistical significance was assessed using two-sided tests, with a P-value ...

During data preprocessing, multinomial categorical variables (e.g., marital status and living arrangement) were encoded using one-hot encoding. To address the class imbalance in nutritional literacy ...

aInstitute of Computer-Assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany bDepartment of Congenital Heart Disease – Pediatric Cardiology, ...